Tulu Lesson 10: Negative and Interrogative in Simple Past Tense

namaskAra! mAterla encha ullar? soukhyana?

Today we are going to learn negative and interrogative form of sentences in Past Tense. You already know verb conjugation in Simple Past tense. To make it negative just change the personal endings.

 Personal endings for negative form of sentences in Simple Past tense:

		Singular			Plural
		Pronoun	Ending	Example: pO	Pronoun	Ending	Example: pO
First Person		yAn	ijae	pOyijae	nama/enkulu	ija	pOyija
Second Person		I	ija	pOyija	nikulu/Ir	ijar	pOyijar
Third Person	Masc.	Aye/imbe	ije	pOyije	akulu/Ar/mokulu/mEr	ijer	pOyijer
	Fem.	Al/mOlu	ijal	pOyijal
	Neut.	au/undu	iji	pOyiji	aikulu/undekulu	ija	pOyija

Note: You may see some people use ‘iji’ ending for first person singular, ‘yAn pOyiji’ instead of ‘yAn pOyijae’ though grammatically it is wrong.

1. Verbs ending in ‘pu’

Example: jeppu (jeppuni) – To sleep (Kannada: malaguvudu)

jeppu >>> jett + personal ending = jettijae - I did not sleep (Kannada: nAnu malagalilla)

yAn jettijae – I did not sleep

I jettija – You did not sleep

Aye/imbe jettije – He did not sleep

Al/mOlu jettijal – She did not sleep

au/undu jettiji – It did not sleep

nama/enkulu jettija – We did not sleep

Ir/nikulu jettijar – You did not sleep

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr jettijer – They did not sleep

undekulu/aikulu jettija – They did not sleep

2. Verbs ending in ‘N’

Example: tiN (tiNpini) – To eat (Kannada: tinnuvudu)

tiN + D + personal ending = tiNDijae - I did not eat (Kannada: nAnu tinnalilla)

yAn tiNDijae – I did not eat

I tiNDija – You did not eat

Aye/imbe tiNDije – He did not eat

Al/mOlu tiNDijal – She did not eat

au/undu tiNDiji – It did not eat

nama/enkulu tiNDija – We did not eat

Ir/nikulu tiNDijar – You did not eat

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr tiNDijer – They did not eat

undekulu/aikulu tiNDija – They did not eat

3. All other verbs.

Example: Odu (Oduni) – To read (Kannada: Oduvudu)

Odu + i + personal ending = Odijae – I did not read (Kannada: nAnu Odalilla)

yAn Odijae – I did not read

I Odija – You did not read

Aye/imbe Odije – He did not read

Al/mOlu Odijal – She did not read

au/undu Odiji – It did not read

nama/enkulu Odija – We did not read

Ir/nikulu Odijar – You did not read

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr Odijer – They did not read

undekulu/aikulu Odija – They did not read

The verbs ‘bar’ (barpini – To come), ‘sai’ (saipini – To die) and ‘bey’ (beypini – To be cooked/boiled) are irregular.

bar + t + personal ending – battijae = I did not come (Kannada: nAnu baralilla)

sai + t + personal ending – saitijae = I did not die (Kannada: nAnu sAyalilla)

bey + t + personal ending – beytiji = It is not cooked / boiled (Kannada: adu/idu bEyalilla)

A (Apini) – To become/happen (Kannada: Aguvudu)

A + i + personal ending = Ayijae- I did not become (Kannada: nAnu Agalilla)

yAn Ayijae – I did not become

I Ayija – You did not become

Aye/imbe Ayije – He did not become

Al/mOlu Ayijal – She did not become

au/undu Ayiji – It did not become /It did not happen/

nama/enkulu Ayija – We did not become

Ir/nikulu Ayijar – You did not become

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr Ayijer – They did not become

undekulu/aikulu Ayija – They did not become

uppu/ippu (uppuni/ippuni) – To be (Kannada: iruvudu)

ippu >>> itt + personal ending = ittijae – I was not (Kannada: nAnu iralilla)

yAn ittijae – I was not

I ittija – You were not

Aye/imbe ittije – He was not

Al/mOlu ittijal – She was not

au/undu ittiji – It was not

nama/enkulu ittija – We were not

Ir/nikulu ittijar – You were not

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr ittijer – They were not

undekulu/aikulu ittija – They were not

Example sentences:

Tulu: barsa battiji

English: It did not rain

Kannada: maLe baralilla

Tulu: yAn ninan tUyijae

English: It did not see you

Kannada: nAnu ninnannu nODalilla

Tulu: akulu eNDa pAterijer

English: They did not speak with me

Kannada: avaru nannalli mAtannADalilla

Tulu: enna dOsti enan lettije

English: My friend did not call me

Kannada: nanna geLeya nannannu kareyalilla

Tulu: jayante illaD ittije

English: Jayanth was not at home

Kannada: jayanta maneyalli iralilla

Tulu: Aye uNDije / Aye onas maltije

English: He did not have lunch/dinner

Kannada: avanu UTa mADalilla

Tulu: niNDa kAs ittiji

English: You did not have money

Kannada: ninnalli duDDu iralilla

Interrogative in Simple Past:

I hope you already know how to make interrogative form of sentences in Tulu.

Tulu: onas ANDa? / uNDara?

English: Had your lunch/dinner?

Kannada: UTa Ayta?

Tulu: AND, irena ANDe? (giving respect to the listener)

English: Yes, what about you?

Kannada: Aytu, nimdu Ayta?

Tulu: chA pariyare? (giving respect to the listener)

English: Had your tea?

Kannada: chahA kuDidra?

Tulu: jayante bEleg pOyena?

English: Did Jayanth go to work?

Kannada: jayanta kelasakke hOdana?

Tulu: I aleDa kENDana?

English: Did you ask her?

Kannada: nInu avalalli kELidiya?

Tulu: Aye ninna purse kaNDiyena?

English: Did he steal your purse?

Kannada: avanu ninna purse kaddana?

Tulu: I ninna dOstyallen madimeg lettana?

English: Did you call (invite) your friends for the wedding?

Kannada: nInu ninna geLeyarannu maduvege karediya?

Tulu: Ar nikk phone maltijera?

English: Didn’t he/she call you?

Kannada: avaru ninge phone mADalilva?

Tulu: pEr kanattijana?

English: Didn’t you bring milk?

Kannada: nInu hAlu taralilva?

Tulu: chAkk sakkarae pADijare?

English: Didn’t you add sugar to tea?

Kannada: nIvu chahAge sakkare hAkalilva?

Tulu: nela aDtana?

English: Did you sweep the floor?

Kannada: nela guDisidya?

Tulu: nela ochchijana?

English: Didn’t you wipe the floor?

Kannada: nInu nela oresalillava?

Tulu: kuNTu ardiyala?

English: Did she wash the clothes?

Kannada: baTTe ogedaLa?

Tulu: bAjana dekkijena?

English: Didn’t he wash the dishes?

Kannada: avanu pAtre toLilillava?

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See you next week!

solmelu!