Tulu Lesson 18: Uses of Adverbial Participles (Verbal Adverbs)

namaskAra! Welcome back!

Today we are going to learn something new, i.e.Verbals. Verbals are forms of verb which is used as another part of speech like nouns, adjectives or adverbs in a sentence.

Following are the types of Verbals in Tulu:

• Adverbial Participles or Verbal Adverbs (Present, Past Perfect and Negative)
• Adjectival Participles or Verbal Adjectives (Present, Simple Past, Past Perfect and Negative)
• Gerunds (Present, Simple Past, Past Perfect and Negative)
• Verbal Nouns
• Infinitives 

 Let us look into only Adverbial Participles today. Next week we will cover Adjectival Participles, Gerunds and Infinitives.

Adverbial Participles are mainly used as adverbs. There are three forms; Present, Past Perfect and Negative.

Present Adverbial Participles:  suffix ‘ondu’

Examples:

maltondu – doing (Kannada: mADtA)

pOvondu – going ( Kannada: hOgtA)

ittondu – being (Kannada: iruttA)

tiNondu – eating (Kannada: tinnuttA)

We have already learned this form in Present Continuous tense. This form is used to express the mode how an action is done.

Tulu: Aye baltondu batte

English: He came running

Kannada: avanu ODtA banda

Tulu: akulu pAterondu bElae maltonduller

English: They are speaking and working.

Kannada: avaru mAtannADtA kelasa mADtiddAre

Tulu: Al teltondu pOyal

English: avaLu nagtA hOdaLu

Kannada: She went smiling

Tulu: sudae paratondu kaDal sEruNDu

English: River flows and joins the sea. 

Kannada: nadi haritA samudra sErtade.

Tulu: mange maroDdu maroku lAgyondu pONDu.

English: The monkey went jumping from tree to tree.

Kannada: manga maradinda marakke jigitA hOytu.  

Past Adverbial Participles (Perfect): suffix ‘d’

Examples:

malt’d – having done (Kannada: mADi)

itt’d – having been (Kannada: iddu)

pOdu – having gone (Kannada: hOgi)

tiND’d or tind – having eaten (Kannada: tindu) 

Note: “tiND’d” also pronounced as “tind” in common Tulu and so all verbs ending in ‘N’.  E.g. kEND’d >> kEnd, uND’d >> undu, paND’d >> pand

We have already learned this form in Present Perfect tense. This form is used to express actions in sequence.

Tulu: Aye uND’d (undu) jette

English: He had lunch/dinner and slept. (Having had dinner/lunch, he slept)

Kannada: avanu UTa mADi malagida

Tulu: Aye kANdae enma gaNTeg lakk’d, mId, chA pard sAleg pOye

English: He got up at 8 O’clock, took bath, had tea and went to school. 

Kannda: avanu beLagge eNTu gaNTege eddu, snAna mADi, chaha kuDidu shAlege hOda

Tulu: yAn AyeDa paND’d (pand) barpae

English: I will tell him and come (Having told him, I will come)

Kannada: nAnu avanige hELi bartEne

Tulu: enkulu pOdu barpa

English: We will go and come. (Having gone, we will come)

Kannada: nAvu hOgi bartEve

Tulu: Ayena bElae mugit’d illaDe pOye

English: Having finished his work, he went home.

Kannada: avana kelasa mugisi manage hOda

To express the reason or cause of actions:

Tulu: barsa batt’d yAn chaNDi Ayae

English: It rained and so I got wet.

Kannada: maLe bandu odde Ade

Tulu: balt’d balt’d enk bachch’ND

English: I am tired from running

Kannada: ODi ODi nanage sustAytu

Tulu: ninan tUdu enk kushi AND

English: I am happy seeing you

Kannada: ninnanu nODi kushi Aytu

To express time:

Tulu: Aye pOdu onji varsha AND

English: It’s been one year since he went

Kannada: avanu hOgi ondu vasha Aytu.

Tulu: ninan tUdu mast samaya AND

English: It’s been a long time since I saw you

Kannada: ninnannu nODi tumbA samayavAytu

Negative Adverbial Participles: suffix ‘andae’

Examples:

malpu + andae >>> malpandae - having not done (Kannada: mADade)

pOvandae – having not gone (Kannada: hOgade)

tiNandae – having not eaten (Kannada: tinnade)

uppandae – having not been (Kannada: irade)

ijjandae (or dAntae) – having not been (Kannada: illade)

Generally this form gives the meaning of ‘without’.

Tulu: satya paNandae bEtae sAdi ijji

English: Without telling the truth there is no other way

Kannada: satya hELade bEre dAri illa

Tulu: I dAntae (ijjandae) yAn bad’kayae

Englsih: Without you I can’t live

Kannada: nInu illade nAnu badukenu

Tulu: Aye eNDa paNandae pOye

English: He went without informing (telling) me

Kannda: avanu nanage hELade hOda

Tulu: Aye uNandae jette

English: Without having lunch/dinner, he slept

Kannada: avanu UTa mADade malagida

To express the reason or cause of actions:

Tulu: imbe Odandae parIksheD fail Aye

English: He failed in the exam by not reading

Kannada: ivanu Odade parIksheyalli fail Ada

Tulu: yAn teriyandae tappu maltae

English: I did a mistake unknowingly

Kannada: nAnu tiLiyade tappu mADide

To express time:

Tulu: akulu barandae onji varsha AND

English: It’s been one year since they came

Kannada: avaru barade ondu varsha Aytu

Tulu: ninan tUvande mast samaya AND

English: It’s been a long time since I saw you

Kannada: ninnannu nODade tumbA samayavAytu

Click here to go to Vocabulary page.

Click here for Video lessons

If you need more sentences translated in Tulu, please leave a comment. If you find this lesson helpful, please share it with your friends who wish to learn Tulu J

See you next week!

solmelu!

Tulu Lesson 17: Negative and Interrogative in Present Continuous Tense

Hello All! Welcome back!

Today we are going to learn negative and interrogative form of sentences in Present Continuous Tense.

We already know Present Continuous Tense in Tulu.

E.g: yAn bareyondullae (bareyondu + ullae) – I am writing

All we need to do is just replace the verb ‘ul’ with ‘ijji’ to make our sentences negative in present continuous tense.

yAn ijjae – I am not

I ijja – You are not

Aye/imbe ijje – He is not

Al/mOlu  ijjal – She is not

au/undu  ijji – It is not

nama/enkulu  ijja – We are not

Ir/nikulu  ijjar – You are not

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr ijjer – They are not

undekulu/aikulu ijja – They are not

I am not writing >> yAn bareyondu ijjae (Kannada: nAnu bareyuttilla)

yAn bareyondijjae – I am not writing

I bareyondijja – You are not writing

Aye/imbe bareyondijje – He is not writing

Al/mOlu  bareyondijjal – She is not writing

au/undu  bareyondijji – It is not writing

nama/enkulu  bareyondijja – We are not writing

Ir/nikulu  bareyondijjar – You are not writing

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr bareyondijjer – They are not writing

undekulu/aikulu bareyondijja – They are not writing

Let’s see more examples:

pAter (pAteruni) – To speak/talk

yAn pAterondijjae – I am not speaking

I pAterondijja – You are not speaking

Aye/imbe pAterondijje – He is not speaking

Al/mOlu  pAterondijjal – She is not speaking

au/undu  pAterondijji – It is not speaking

nama/enkulu  pAterondijja – We are not speaking

Ir/nikulu  pAterondijjar – You are not speaking

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr pAterondijjer – They are not speaking

undekulu/aikulu pAterondijja – They are not speaking

 pO (pOpini) – To go

yAn pOvondijjae – I am not going

I pOvondijja – You are not going

Aye/imbe pOvondijje – He is not going

Al/mOlu  pOvondijjal – She is not going

au/undu  pOvondijji – It is not going

nama/enkulu  pOvondijja – We are not going

Ir/nikulu  pOvondijjar – You are not going

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr pOvondijjer – They are not going

undekulu/aikulu pOvondijja – They are not going

naDapu (naDapuni) – To walk

yAn naDatondijjae – I am not walking

I naDatondijja – You are not walking

Aye/imbe naDatondijje – He is not walking

Al/mOlu  naDatondijjal – She is not walking

au/undu  naDatondijji – It is not walking

nama/enkulu  naDatondijja – We are not walking

Ir/nikulu  naDatondijjar – You are not walking

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr naDatondijjer – They are not walking

undekulu/aikulu naDatondijja – They are not walking

tOju (tOjuni) - To be seen/be visible

yAn tOjondijjae – I am not visible

I tOjondijja – You are not visible

Aye/imbe tOjondijje – He is not visible

Al/mOlu  tOjondijjal – She is not visible

au/undu  tOjondijji – It is not visible

nama/enkulu  tOjondijja – We are not visible

Ir/nikulu  tOjondijjar – You are not visible

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr tOjondijjer – They are not visible

undekulu/aikulu tOjondijja – They are not visible

Example Sentences:

Tulu: yAn illaDe pOvondijjae

English: I am not going home

Kannda: nAnu manege hOgtilla

Tulu: I satya paNondijja

Englis: You are not saying the truth

Kannada: nInu satya hELtilla

Tulu: Aye jettondijje

English: He is not sleeping

Kannada: avanu malagtilla

Tulu: Al tulu kaltondijjal

English: She is not learning Tulu

Kannada: avaLu tulu kalitilla

Tulu: barsa barondijji

English: It is not raining

Kannada: maLe bartilla

Tulu: jOkulu bultondijja

English: The babies are not crying

Kannada: makkaLu aLutilla

Tulu: AkAshoDu pakkilu rAvondijja

English: Birds are not flying in the sky.

Kannada: AkAshadalli hakkigaLu hArtilla

Tulu: enkulu iren kAtondijja

English: We are not waiting for you

Kannada: nAvu nimannu kAytilla

Tulu: nikulu bAkil dettondijjar

English: You are not opening the door

Kannada: nIvu bAgilu tereyuttilla

Tulu: ittae enk dAla tOjondijji

English: Now, I can’t see anything

Kannada: Iga nanage EnU kANutilla

In Tulu Present Continuous tense is also used for Present Perfect Continuous.

Examples:

Tulu: Aye onji varshoDdinchi eNDa pAterondijje

English: He has not been speaking with me for one year.

Kannada: avanu ondu varshadinda nannondige mAtADtilla

Tulu: mUji dinaDdinchi barsa barondijji

English: It has not been raining for 3 days

Kannada: mUru dinadinda maLe bartilla.

Interrogative form of sentences in Present Continuous Tense:

We have to add  ‘a’ or ‘na’ at the end to make interrogative form of sentences in Tulu. When speaking with elders/strangers with respect, you can add ‘e’ or ‘ne’ instead of ‘a’ or ‘na’ at the end.

Tulu: yAn barondullena?

English: Am I coming?

Kannada: nAnu bartiddEna?

Tulu: nama sAleg pOvondullana?

English: Are we going to school?

Kannada: nAvu shAlege hOgtiddEva?

Tulu: I ittae Odondijjana?

English: Aren’t you reading now?

Kannada: nInu Iga Oduttilva?

Tulu: Ir ittae uNondijjare?

English: Aren’t you having lunch now?

Kannada: nIvu Iga UTa mADtilva?

Tulu: nikulu bElae maltondijjara?

English: Aren’t you working?

Kannada: nIvu kelasa mADtilva?

Tulu: Aye niNDa dAla paNondullena?

English: Is he telling you anything?

Kannada: avanu ninnalli EnAdarU hELtiddAna?

Tulu: Al teltondullala?

English: Is she smiling?

Kannada: avaLu nagtiddALa?

Tulu: nAyi koretonduNDa?

English: Is the dog barking?

Kannada: nAyi bogaLuttideya?

Tulu: puchchae pEr parondijja?

English: Isn’t the cat drinking milk?

Kannada: bekku hAlu kuDitilva?

Tulu: akulu enan lettondijjera?

Kannada: avaru nannannu karitilva?

English: Aren’t they calling me?

Click here to go to Vocabulary page.

Click here for Video lessons

Alright! If you need more sentences translated in Tulu, please leave a comment. If you find this lesson helpful, please share it with your friends who wish to learn Tulu J

See you next week!

solmelu!

Tulu Lesson 16: Present Continuous Tense

Hello All! Welcome back!

Today we are going to learn one more tense in Tulu. This tense is Present Continuous Tense. Look at the following example:

‘I am going’

As you see, we use ‘To be’ plus the ‘ing’ form of verbs to express Present Continuous in English. That is to say, we have Subject + am/is/are + main verb + ing.

In Tulu, the sentence structure would be Subject + main verb + am/is/are

We already know the auxiliary verb ‘to be’ in Tulu - ‘ippu/uppu’ (Infinitive: ippuni/uppuni – To be). There are two forms of this verb exist: ‘uppu/ippu’ and ‘ul’. Here we are using the second form ‘ul’. We have learned how to conjugate the verb ‘ul’ in Simple Present Tense in the lesson 4. Let’s try it again:

yAn ullae – I am

I ulla – You are

Aye/imbe ulle – He is

Al/mOlu  ullal – She is

au/undu  uNDu – It is

nama/enkulu  ulla – We are

Ir/nikulu  ullar – You are

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr uller – They are

undekulu/aikulu ulla – They are

Now, let us see what we should do with the main verb (going). In English, we have added suffix ‘ing’ to the verb ‘go’. In Tulu, we have to add suffix ‘ondu’ to the root verb.

Go + ing >>> Going

pO + ondu >>> pOvondu

I am going >>> yAn pOvondu ullae (Kannada: nAnu hOgtA iddEne)

Easy, isn’t it?

yAn pOvondullae – I am going

I pOvondulla – You are going

Aye/imbe pOvondulle – He is going

Al/mOlu  pOvondullal – She is going

au/undu  pOvonduNDu – It is going

nama/enkulu  pOvondulla – We are going

Ir/nikulu  pOvondullar – You are going

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr pOvonduller – They are going

undekulu/aikulu pOvondulla – They are going

One thing you have to remember that the suffix 'ondu' is actually added to simple past verb stem (same like reflexive verbs), but in currently spoken Tulu, it is directly added to the root verb except 'pu' ending verbs. So, when adding the suffix ‘ondu’ to a 'pu' ending root verb, the ‘p’ sound changes to ‘t'. Also, to 'N' ending nouns either you can add the suffix 'ondu' directly to the root verb or add it to the simple past verb stem. Both the forms are used. 

Example:

malpu (malpuni) – To do

malpu + ondu >>> maltondu - doing

maltondu ullae – I am doing (Kannada: nAnu mADtA iddEne)

yAn maltondullae – I am doing

I maltondulla – You are doing

Aye/imbe maltondulle – He is doing

Al/mOlu  maltondullal – She is doing

au/undu  maltonduNDu – It is doing

nama/enkulu  maltondulla – We are doing

Ir/nikulu  maltondullar – You are doing

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr maltonduller – They are doing

undekulu/aikulu maltondulla – They are doing

kalpu (kalpuni) – To learn

kalpu + ondu >>> kaltondu – learning

kaltondu ullae – I am learning (Kannada: nAnu kalitA iddEne)

yAn kaltondullae – I am learning

I kaltondulla – You are learning

Aye/imbe kaltondulle – He is learning

Al/mOlu  kaltondullal – She is learning

au/undu  kaltonduNDu – It is learning

nama/enkulu  kaltondulla – We are learning

Ir/nikulu  kaltondullar – You are learning

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr kaltonduller – They are learning

undekulu/aikulu kaltondulla – They are learning

Let’s see more examples:

par (parpini) – To drink

par + ondu >>> parondu - drinking

yAn parondullae – I am drinking

I parondulla – You are drinking

Aye/imbe parondulle – He is drinking

Al/mOlu  parondullal – She is drinking

au/undu  paronduNDu – It is drinking

nama/enkulu  parondulla – We are drinking

Ir/nikulu  parondullar – You are drinking

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr paronduller – They are drinking

undekulu/aikulu parondulla – They are drinking

tin (tinpini) – To eat

tin + ondu >>> tinondu ('tiNDondu' also used) – eating

yAn tinondullae – I am eating

I tinondulla – You are eating

Aye/imbe tinondulle – He is eating

Al/mOlu  tinondullal – She is eating

au/undu  tinonduNDu – It is eating

nama/enkulu  tinondulla – We are eating

Ir/nikulu  tinondullar – You are eating

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr tinonduller – They are eating

undekulu/aikulu tinondulla – They are eating

bar (barpini) – To come

bar + ondu >>> barondu ('battondu' also used) – coming

yAn barondullae – I am coming

I barondulla – You are coming

Aye/imbe barondulle – He is coming

Al/mOlu  barondullal – She is coming

au/undu  baronduNDu – It is coming

nama/enkulu  barondulla – We are coming

Ir/nikulu  barondullar – You are coming

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr baronduller – They are coming

undekulu/aikulu barondulla – They are coming

rA (rApini) – To fly

rA + ondu >>> rAvondu – flying 

yAn rAvondullae – I am flying

I rAvondulla – You are flying

Aye/imbe rAvondulle – He is flying

Al/mOlu  rAvondullal – She is flying

au/undu  rAvonduNDu – It is flying

nama/enkulu  rAvondulla – We are flying

Ir/nikulu  rAvondullar – You are flying

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr rAvonduller – They are flying

undekulu/aikulu rAvondulla – They are flying

malpA (malpAvuni) – cause to do/have someone do

malpA + ondu >>> malpAvondu – having someone do

yAn malpAvondullae – I am having someone do

I malpAvondulla – You are having someone do

Aye/imbe malpAvondulle – He is having someone do

Al/mOlu  malpAvondullal – She is having someone do

au/undu  malpAvonduNDu – It is having someone do

nama/enkulu  malpAvondulla – We are having someone do

Ir/nikulu  malpAvondullar – You are having someone do

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr malpAvonduller – They are having someone do

undekulu/aikulu malpAvondulla – They are having someone do

Example Sentences:

Tulu: yAn TV tUvondullae

English: I am watching TV

Kannada: nAnu TV nODtA iddEne

Tulu: Ir ittae tulu kaltondullar

English: You are learning Tulu now

Kannada: nIvu Iga tuLu kalitA iddIra

Tulu: I dAda maltondulla?

English: What are you doing?

Kannada: nInu Enu mADtiddIya?

Tulu: enk nidrae baronduNDu

English: I am feeling sleepy

Kannada: nanage nidde bartA ide

Tulu: enk tarae bEne AvonduNDu

English: I am having head ache 

English: nanage tale nOvu AgtA ide

Tulu: Aye uNondulle

English: He is having lunch/dinner

Kannada: avanu UTa mADtA iddAne

Tulu: akulu kabaDDi gobbonduller

English: They are playing Kabaddi

Kannada: avaru kabaDDi ADtA iddAre

Tulu: enkulu kuNTu ardondulla

English: We are washing the clothes

Kannada: nAvu baTTe ogitA iddEve

Tulu: barsa baronduNDu

English: It is raning

Kannada: maLe bartA ide

In Tulu Present Continuous tense is also used for Present Perfect Continuous.

Examples:

Tulu: yAn mulpa mUji varsoDdinchi (varsoDd + inchi) bElae maltondullae

English: I have been working here for 3 years.

Kannada: nAnu illi mUru varshadinda kelasa mADtA iddEne

Tulu: Al kANDeDdinchi ninan kAtondullal

English: She has been waiting for you from the morning.

Kannada: avaLu beLiggeyinda ninnannu kAytA iddALe

Tulu: nAl dinaDdinchi barsa baronduNDu

English: It has been raining for 4 days

Kannada: nAlku dinadinda maLe bartA ide.

Tulu: I raDD tingoluDdinchi tulu kaltondulla

English: You have been learning Tulu for 2 months

Kannada: nInu eraDu tingaLinda tuLu kalitA iddIya

Click here to go to Vocabulary page.

Click here for Video lessons

I hope you enjoyed the lesson! If you need more sentences translated in Tulu, please leave a comment. If you find this lesson helpful, please share it with your friends who wish to learn Tulu J

See you next week!

solmelu!

Tulu Lesson 15: Negative and Interrogative in Present Perfect Tense

Hello All! Welcome back!

How was the last lesson? I hope you had no problem with that. Please comment, if you need any help. Today we are going to learn negative and interrogative form of sentences in Present Perfect Tense.

You already know to make verb stems in Present Perfect Tense. If not, please read the lesson 14 again. To make it negative just change the personal endings.

Personal endings for negative form of sentences in Present Perfect Tense are same as Simple Past.

		Singular			Plural
		Pronoun	Ending	Example: pO	Pronoun	Ending	Example: pO
First Person		yAn	ijae	pOtijae	nama/enkulu	ija	pOtija
Second Person		I	ija	pOtija	nikulu/Ir	ijar	pOtijar
Third Person	Masc.	Aye/imbe	ije	pOtije	akulu/Ar/mokulu/mEr	ijer	pOtijer
	Fem.	Al/mOlu	ijal	pOtijal
	Neut.	au/undu	iji	pOtiji	aikulu/undekulu	ija	pOtija

Note: You may see some people use ‘iji’ ending for first person singular, ‘yAn pOtiji’ instead of ‘yAn pOtijae’ though grammatically it is wrong.

Let us see some examples:

malpu (malpuni) – To do/make

Present Perfect verb stem + personal ending

 malt’d + ijae >>> malt’dijae – I have not done (Kannada: nAnu mADilla)

yAn malt’dijae – I have not done

I malt’dija – You have not done

Aye/imbe malt’dije – He has not done

Al/mOlu malt’dijal – She has not done

au/undu malt’diji – It has not done

nama/enkulu malt’dija – We have not done

Ir/nikulu malt’dijar – You have not done

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr malt’dijer – They have not done

undekulu/aikulu malt’dija – They have not done

kalpu (kalpuni) – To learn

kalt’d + ijae >>> kalt’dijae – I have not leaned (Kannada: nAnu kalitilla)

yAn kalt’dijae – I have not learned

I kalt’dija – You have not learned

Aye/imbe kalt’dije – He has not learned

Al/mOlu kalt’dijal – She has not learned

au/undu kalt’diji – It has not learned

nama/enkulu kalt’dija – We have not learned

Ir/nikulu kalt’dijar – You have not learned

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr kalt’dijer – They have not learned

undekulu/aikulu kalt’dija – They have not learned

kEN (kENuni) -  To hear/ask

kEND’d >>> kEnd

kEnd + ijae >>> kEndijae – I have not heard/asked (Kannada: nAnu kELilla)

yAn kEndijae – I have not asked/heard

I kEndija – You have not asked/heard

Aye/imbe kEndije – He has not asked/heard

Al/mOlu kEndijal – She has not asked/heard

au/undu kEndiji – It has not asked/heard

nama/enkulu kEndija – We have not asked/heard

Ir/nikulu kEndijar – You have not asked/heard

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr kEndijer – They have not asked/heard

undekulu/aikulu kEndija – They have not asked/heard

tiN (tiNpini) – To eat

tiND’d >>> tind

tind + ijae >>> tintijae – I have not eaten (Kannada: nAnu tindilla)

yAn tintijae – I have not eaten

I tintija – You have not eaten

Aye/imbe tintije – He has not eaten

Al/mOlu tintijal – She has not eaten

au/undu tintiji – It has not eaten

nama/enkulu tintija – We have not eaten

Ir/nikulu tintijar – You have not eaten

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr tintijer – They have not eaten

undekulu/aikulu tintija – They have not eaten

bUr (bUruni)  – To fall

bUrd + ijae >>> bUrdijae – I have not fallen (Kannada: nAnu biddilla)

yAn bUrdijae – I have not fallen

I bUrdija – You have not fallen

Aye/imbe bUrdije – He has not fallen

Al/mOlu bUrdijal – She has not fallen

au/undu bUrdiji – It has not fallen

nama/enkulu bUrdija – We have not fallen

Ir/nikulu bUrdijar – You have not fallen

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr bUrdijer – They have not fallen

undekulu/aikulu bUrdija – They have not fallen

tU (tUpini) – To see

tUd + ijae >>> tUtijae – I have not seen (Kannada: nAnu nODilla)

yAn tUtijae – I have not seen

I tUtija – You have not seen

Aye/imbe tUtije – He has not seen

Al/mOlu tUtijal – She has not seen

au/undu tUtiji – It has not seen

nama/enkulu tUtija – We have not seen

Ir/nikulu tUtijar – You have not seen

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr tUtijer – They have not seen

undekulu/aikulu tUtija – They have not seen

bar (barpini) - To come

batt’d + ijae >>> batt’dijae >>> baidijae – I have not come (Kannada: nAnu bandilla)

yAn baidijae – I have not come

I baidija – You have not come

Aye/imbe baidije – He has not come

Al/mOlu baidijal – She has not come

au/undu baidiji – It has not come

nama/enkulu baidija – We have not come

Ir/nikulu baidijar – You have not come

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr baidijer – They have not come

undekulu/aikulu baidija – They have not come

leppu (leppuni) – To call

lett’d + ijae >>> lett’dijae >>> leidijae – I have not called (Kannada: nAnu karedilla)

yAn leidijae – I have not called

I leidija – You have not called

Aye/imbe leidije – He has not called

Al/mOlu leidijal – She has not called

au/undu leidiji – It has not called

nama/enkulu leidija – We have not called

Ir/nikulu leidijar – You have not called

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr leidijer – They have not called

undekulu/aikulu leidija – They have not called

deppu (deppuni) – To remove/open

dett’d + ijae >>> dett’dijae >>> deidijae – I have not removed/taken (Kannada: nAnu tegedilla)

yAn deidijae – I have not removed/taken

I deidija – You have not removed/taken

Aye/imbe deidije – He has not removed/taken

Al/mOlu deidijal – She has not removed/taken

au/undu deidiji – It has not removed/taken

nama/enkulu deidija – We have not removed/taken

Ir/nikulu deidijar – You have not removed/taken

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr deidijer – They have not removed/taken

undekulu/aikulu deidija – They have not removed/taken

dettoNu (dettoNuni) - To take for oneself/To accept

dettoND’d >>> dettond

dettond + ijae >>> dettondijae – I have not taken for myself (Kannada: nAnu tegedukoNDilla)

yAn dettondijae – I have not taken (for myself)

I dettondija – You have not taken (for myself)

Aye/imbe dettondije – He has not taken (for myself)

Al/mOlu dettondijal – She has not taken (for myself)

au/undu dettondiji – It has not taken (for myself)

nama/enkulu dettondija – We have not taken (for myself)

Ir/nikulu dettondijar – You have not taken (for myself)

akulu/mokulu/Ar/mEr dettondijer – They have not taken (for myself)

undekulu/aikulu dettondija – They have not taken (for myself)

Example sentences:

Tulu: yAn orala bombaig pOtijae

English: I have never been to Mumbai

Kannada: nAnu ommeyU mumbaige hOgilla

Tulu: Aye nanala untije

English: He has not had lunch yet

Kannada: avanu innU UTa mADilla

Tulu: Al baidijal

English: She has not come

Kannada: avaLu bandilla

Tulu: I eNDa dAla pantija

English: You have not told me anything

Kannada: nInu nanalli EnU hELilla

Tulu: au Eregla dAla upadra malt'diji

English: It has not done any trouble to anyone

Kannada: adu yArigU EnU tondare koTTillla

Tulu: nama dAla tappu malt'dija

English: We have not done anything wrong

Kannada: nAvu EnU tappu mADilla

Tulu: nikulu enan leidijar

English: You have not called me

Kannada: nIvu nannannu karedilla

Tulu: akulu nanala tulu kalt'dijer

English: They have not learned Tulu yet

Kannada: avaru innU tuLu kalitilla

Tulu: I jOkulu ini sAleg pOtija

English: These children have not gone to school today

Kannada: I makkaLu ivattu shAlege hOgilla

We already know how to make the interrogative form of sentences. We have to add  ‘a’ or ‘na’ at the end. When speaking with elders/strangers with respect, you can add ‘e’ or ‘ne’ instead of ‘a’ or ‘na’ at the end.

Tulu: I untana?/ I onas malt'dana?

English: Have you had lunch/dinner yet?

Kannada: nInu  UTa mADiddIya?

Tulu: Ir untare?/ Ir onas malt'dare? (giving respect to the listner)

English: Have you had lunch/dinner yet?

Kannada: nIvu  UTa mADiddIra?

Tulu: nanala untijana?

English: Haven't you had lunch yet?

Kannada: nInu innU UTa mADilva?

Tulu: yAn niNDa suruve pantijena?

English: Haven't I told you before?

Kannada: nAnu ninage modale hELilva?

Tulu: Aye nikk tikk'dena?

English: Has he met you?

Kannada: avanu ninage sikkiddAna?

Tulu: Aye ireg tikk'dene? (giving respect to the listner)

English: Has he met you?

Kannada: avanu nimage sikkiddAna?

Tulu: Al padya pantala?

English: Has she sung a song?

Kannada: avaLu hADu hADiddALa?

Tulu: bas nanala baidija?

English: Has bus not come yet?

Kannada: bassu innU bandilva?

Tulu: nikulu parIkshae baretara?

English: Have you (pluaral) written exam?

Kannada: nIvu parIkshae barediddIra?

Tulu: akulu suden kaDat’dera?

English: Have they crossed the river?

Kannada: avaru nadi dATiddAra?

Tulu: bAle jeid’NDa?

English: Has the kid slept.

Kannada: magu malagideya?

Click here to go to Vocabulary page.

Click here for Video lessons

That’s all for the day! If you need more sentences translated to Tulu, please leave a comment. If you find this lesson helpful, please share it with your friends who want to learn Tulu.

See you next week!

solmelu!